What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution known as?

The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights. These amendments were adopted to ensure specific freedoms and rights for individuals, addressing the concerns of Anti-Federalists who feared that a strong federal government might infringe on individual liberties. The Bill of Rights includes essential protections such as the freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to due process, among others. It serves as a foundational document for civil rights in the United States, clearly outlining the limits of governmental power in relation to personal freedoms.

The other options represent different historical documents and concepts: the Declaration of Independence outlines the reasons for American independence from British rule, the Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution of the United States but were later replaced due to their weaknesses, and the Federalist Papers were a series of essays written to promote the ratification of the Constitution by explaining its principles and advantages.