What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The U.S. Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it is divided into two distinct parts: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each of these bodies plays a crucial role in the federal government. The Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of the state's population, totaling 100 senators. This body has specific powers, such as confirming presidential appointments and ratifying treaties.

On the other hand, the House of Representatives consists of members elected based on the population of each state, currently totaling 435 representatives. This chamber is primarily responsible for initiating revenue bills and has the exclusive authority to impeach federal officials.

By functioning together, these two parts of Congress are instrumental in the legislative process, representing both the states as a whole and the individual interests of the populace within those states. Understanding this structure is fundamental to grasping how federal legislation is created and passed in the United States.