What rights are guaranteed by the Bill of Rights?

The Bill of Rights, which comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, guarantees a number of fundamental individual liberties. These rights include essential freedoms such as the freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, the right to a fair trial, and protection from cruel and unusual punishment.

Each of these amendments was adopted to limit government power and protect the rights of individuals against potential government infringement. Therefore, selecting the option that states these are individual liberties accurately reflects the core purpose and function of the Bill of Rights, which is to safeguard personal freedoms and ensure that individuals have protections under the law. This framework establishes a legal foundation that empowers citizens and protects their rights against governmental overreach.

In contrast, the other options refer to different concepts that do not specifically encompass the essence of the Bill of Rights. Voting rights, while critically important, are addressed by other amendments and legislation rather than specifically within the Bill of Rights. Rights of the states focus more on federalism and the powers of state governments, which is not the essence of the protections afforded to individuals. Political rights can refer to a broader scope that includes participation in the political process, which is outside the specific individual liberties detailed in the Bill of Rights.