Which branch of government interprets laws to determine their constitutionality?

The branch of government that interprets laws to determine their constitutionality is the Judicial branch. This branch is responsible for reviewing laws, hearing cases, and making decisions that ensure adherence to the Constitution. The judiciary plays a critical role in upholding the rule of law by assessing whether laws passed by the legislative branch or actions taken by the executive branch conform to constitutional principles.

The system of checks and balances in the United States ensures that no branch of government becomes too powerful, and the Judicial branch serves as a protector of individual rights and liberties. This interpretive function also empowers courts to invalidate laws that they find to be unconstitutional, thereby reinforcing its essential role in maintaining the integrity of the legal system.

The other branches—the Legislative and Executive—have distinct functions. The Legislative branch creates laws, while the Executive branch enforces them. The Bureaucratic component, while involved in the implementation of laws and regulations, does not have the authority to interpret their constitutionality. Thus, the Judicial branch is uniquely positioned to undertake this critical responsibility.